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Signs & Symptoms
Catching depression early is key to treating the long-term symptoms. There is no cure but there are extremely effective treatments available for the illness. If you suspect that you or someone you love is suffering from depression, watch for the following signs and seek help for this depression.
General Symptoms
- Persistent sad, anxious or empty feelings
- Hopelessness and pessimism
- Guilt, worthlessness and helplessness
- Loss of interest or pleasure in hobbies and activities
- Decreased energy level
- Difficulty concentrating and making decisions
- Appetite or weight changes
- Restlessness and irritability
Specific Symptoms
Major Depression
Depression that interferes with work, sleep, study, eating and the ability to enjoy life can occur only once or there can be several episodes over a lifetime.
Persistent Depressive Disorder
- Depression that lasts more than 2 years
- Episodes might be minor or major depression
Psychotic Depression
- Severe depression mixed with psychosis
- Psychosis includes delusions and hallucinations
Postpartum Depression
- Hormonal and physical changes felt by a new mother
- Overwhelmed feeling that is paralyzing
- 10 to 15% of mothers experience Postpartum Depression
Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)
- Depression during the winter months
- Depression lifts or goes away during the spring and summer
Bipolar Disorder
- Cycling mood changes
- Periods of drastic depression
- See full definition by clicking here
Who is at Risk?
Depression is one of the most common mental health illnesses in the world. Almost anyone is at risk. However, there are specific groups of people who have a higher risk than the general population. These groups include:
- People who have a history of other mental health disorders (ex: anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder)
- People who abuse alcohol or drugs
- People with low self-esteem or who are self-critical
- People with chronic illnesses like cancer, diabetes or heart disease
- People who have endured stressful events (ex: loss of a loved one, sexual abuse)
- People who have a family member with depression
Treatment
Medication
There are several types of medication that doctors can prescribe to help people dealing with depression. These medications are known as antidepressants. They improve the function of the brain chemicals serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine – all of which regulate mood. Although antidepressants are highly effective, scientists are still studying how and why that is the case.
There are several subtypes of antidepressants that doctors can prescribe depending on the type and severity of the illness. Serotonin reuptake inhibitors, or SSRIs, are quite common, have few side effects and are easily adjusted to rid the patient of any side effects that might occur. Tricyclic is a more powerful category of drug that is not used as often because of its potential side effects. But it is still the most effective drug for some people suffering from depression. It is not recommended for people with pre-existing heart conditions. It can cause dizziness, dry mouth and weight gain. Lastly, Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors (MAOIs) are especially affective in “atypical” cases of depression. Depression that causes a client to have an increase in appetite and to sleep more do well on this type of drug. It can help with feelings of anxiousness or panic. But this is a sensitive drug. Clients taking MAOIs must stay away from foods that contain tyramine (ex: cheese and red wine) and must avoid certain types of birth control, pain relievers, cold and allergy medications and herbal supplements.
Take the First Step Toward a Better Future
Whether you’re seeking help for yourself or a loved one, we’re here to guide you every step of the way.